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 Understanding the gender divide (aha scientific sessions 2006)
Studies find mechanisms for the well-documented gap between outcomes for men and women with heart disease and suggest strategies for narrowing it. (Source: American Medical News - HEALTH)
Chronic kidney disease management: comparison between renal transplant recipients and nontransplant patients with chronic kidney disease
Nephron Clin Pract 2007;107:c7-c13 (DOI:10.1159/000105138) (Source: Nephron Clinical Practice)
Phenylacetic acid and arterial vascular properties in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5 on hemodialysis therapy
Nephron Clin Pract 2007;107:c1-c6 (DOI:10.1159/000105137) (Source: Nephron Clinical Practice)
Study on the association between soat1 polymorphisms, alzheimer's disease risk and the level of csf biomarkers
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2007;24:146-150 (DOI:10.1159/000105164) (Source: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders)
Analysis of the effect of memantine in reducing the worsening of clinical symptoms in patients with moderate to severe alzheimer's disease
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2007;24:138-145 (DOI:10.1159/000105162) (Source: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders)
The role of higher-level cognitive function in gait: executive dysfunction contributes to fall risk in alzheimer's disease
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2007;24:125-137 (DOI:10.1159/000105126) (Source: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders)
The effectiveness of nitric oxide derivates in hydatid disease
Chir Gastroenterol 2007;23:000-000 (DOI:10.1159/000103248) (Source: Chirurgische Gastroenterologie : Last 20 articles)
The third age of ionic liquids?
Scientists in the US and Poland have shown that ionic liquids could have significant biological applications in drug delivery. (Source: Chemistry World | Latest News)
Reduced lung capacity linked to cardiovascular disease by inflammation
People who have a reduced lung capacity may have a greater risk of heart attack and stroke because they show evidence of inflammation, reveals a study published online ahead of print in Thorax. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)
Is treating parkinson's possible with new neurotrophic factor?
Researchers have discovered a novel neurotrophic factor CDNF (Conserved Dopamine Neurotrophic Factor) that was shown to protect and even rescue damaged dopamine neurons in an experimental model of Parkinson's disease. More importantly, the function of the neurons was recovered after an experimental lesion of the dopamine neurons in Substantia Nigra. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)
New 'longboat delivery system' could mean more potent anti-cancer drugs
Scientists are reporting development of carbon nanotubes as a "longboat delivery system" that shows potential for addressing shortcomings that have hindered development of more generally applicable platinum-based anticancer drugs. These include analogues of the widely used and extremely potent drugs cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)
Specific type of cell death may accelerate decompensated heart failure
Autophagy, a normal process by which cells eat their own proteins to provide needed resources to the body in times of stress, may paradoxically cause harm to hearts already weakened by disease, researchers from UT Southwestern Medical Center have found. (Source: EurekAlert! - Biology)
Myeloperoxidase offers clues to heart attack in seemingly healthy people
We've all wondered how a seemingly healthy person can actually be at high risk for heart disease or a heart attack. (Source: News-Medical News Feed)
Rimonabant may prevent and treat obesity-related liver disease
A new study on the effect of the anti-obesity drug rimonabant on liver function in obese rats found that it reduced markers of liver damage, decreased levels of pro-inflammatory proteins, and improved lipid profiles. (Source: News-Medical News Feed)
Researchers step toward a creutzfeldt-jakob disease test
Researchers have shown that a recently developed laboratory method to amplify prions (Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification) can be applied to variant CJD (Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease). (Source: News-Medical News Feed)
The next era of cancer treatment
Teaching a body's own immune system to seek out and destroy cancerous tumours represents a promising way to fight a disease that kills more than 70,000 Canadians a year. (Source: News-Medical News Feed)
Scientists develop new way of testing for vcjd
SCIENTISTS in Edinburgh have developed a technique that could help in the diagnosis of the human form of mad cow disease. (Source: Scotsman.com News - Health)
Third victim tests positive for legionnaire's
A THIRD person has tested positive for Legionnaire's disease in an outbreak thought to centre on a Highland hotel's jacuzzi. (Source: Scotsman.com News - Health)
Researchers identify alcoholism subtypes
Analyses of a national sample of individuals with alcohol dependence (alcoholism) reveal five distinct subtypes of the disease, according to a new study by scientists at the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH)."Our findings should help dispel the popular notion of the 'typical alcoholic,'" notes first author Howard B. [click link for full article] (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Haplotype analysis of signal peptide (insertion/deletion) and xbai polymorphisms of the apob gene in gallbladder cancer
Liver International Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. Abstract Purpose: The incidence of gallbladder cancer (GBC) is usually paralleled by the prevalence of gallstone disease, and genes of cholesterol metabolism have been implicated in gallstone disease. The XbaI and insertion/deletion (ins/del) polymorphis... (Source: Liver International)
Monocyte responses to candida albicans are enhanced by antibody in cooperation with antibody-independent pathogen recognition
FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. Abstract Although most individuals are colonized with Candida albicans, only patients with insufficient or nonfunctional phagocytes develop life-threatening C. albicans disease. Because recognition of bacterial pathogens through phagocyte receptors for Ig... (Source: FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology)
Mineral metabolism disturbances in patients with chronic kidney disease
European Journal of Clinical Investigation Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. Abstract Background  Kidney disease, especially chronic kidney disease (CKD), is a worldwide public health problem with serious adverse health consequences for affected individuals. Secondary hyperparathyroidism, a disorder characterized by elevated serum... (Source: European Journal of Clinical Investigation)
Frequency of von hippel-lindau germline mutations in classic and non-classic von hippel-lindau disease identified by dna sequencing, southern blot analysis and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification
Clinical Genetics Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. Hes FJ, van der Luijt RB, Janssen ALW, Zewald RA, de Jong GJ, Lenders JW, Links TP, Luyten GPM, Sijmons RH, Eussen HJ, Halley DJJ, Lips CJM, Pearson PL, van den Ouweland AMW, Majoor-Krakauer DF. Frequency of Von Hippel-Lindau germline mutations in classic ... (Source: Clinical Genetics)
A 19year old girl takes the cocp. her father had a cerebral haemoorhage in his 40's, is this a caution?
We consulted the PRODIGY (CKS) [1] and Faculty for Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care (FFPRHC) guidelines on contraception [2] but found no advice on whether or not a cerebral haemorrhage occurring in a first-degree relative is a contraindication or caution in a patient taking the combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP). For further advice the NLH Q  & A Service would recommend contacting the FFPRHC:Clinical Effectiveness Unit (Mon-Fri 9am-5pm) Tel: (01224) 553623Fax: (01224) 551081Email: (Source: NLH Question Answering Service)
Obligatory exercise and eating pathology in college females: replication and development of a structural model.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"/><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=17606231">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> <p><b>Obligatory exercise and eating pathology in college females: Replication and development of a structural model.</b></p> <p>Eat Behav. 2007 Aug;8(3):334-49</p> <p>Authors: Thome JL, Espelage DL</p> <p>Although disordered eating behaviors and obligatory exercise are relatively common among undergraduate females, many questions about their etiology remain unanswered. In the current study, structural equation modeling was used to investigate whether a model of personality, exercise attitudes, and exercise behavior that was previously developed with a clinical sample [Davis, C., Katzman, D.K., & Kirsh, C. (1999). Compulsive physical activity in adolescents with anorexia nervosa: A psychobehavioral spiral of pathology. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 187, 336-342.] would also fit for a sample of non-clinical college females (n=599). Further, a second model extended the first model to predict exercise behavior and eating/weight restriction. Results indicated that the original structural model fit the non-clinical sample extremely well. Specifically, addictiveness and obsessive-compulsiveness were associated with obligatory attitudes toward exercise, which was then associated with exercise behavior. In the second model, obligatory attitudes toward exercise were equally associated with eating/weight restriction as it was with exercise behavior. In a third model, bootstrapping analyses demonstrated that while obligatory exercise was directly associated with eating and weight restriction, this association was partially mediated by weight-related reasons for exercise. These data suggest that the aforementioned variables are predictive of obligatory exercise and eating pathology in non-clinical samples, and that reasons for exercise is important in understanding the complex relations among disordered eating and exercise attitudes and behaviors.</p> <p>PMID: 17606231 [PubMed - in process]</p> (Source: Eating Behaviors)
The monitoring schedule for vitamin b12 suggest checking plasma levels on a 12-month basis. most patients however require lifelong vitamin b12 injections so is there any benefit monitoring them?
We searched the TRIP and Medline databases but found little robust information to answer this question. Smellie et al writing in the 'Journal of Clinical Pathology' discusses the long term monitoring of vitamin B12 and states:"There is very little published guidance on the monitoring of vitamin B12 or folate deficiency… &nbsp;Patients with pernicious anaemia receiving vitamin B12 replacement should by definition not become vitamin B12 deficient and further monitoring would seem unnecessary in most instances, although practices vary and some haematologists would recommend annual full blood counts. (Source: NLH Question Answering Service)
Our trusts recommends patients on mesalazine&nbsp;should have u&es tests 6 monthly and those on sulphsalazine lfts and a fbc every three months? is there any evidence to support this?
Overall, we found little robust information on the monitoring of mesalazine. The BNF makes the following recommendation for monitoring, based it appears on the Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) for mesalazine:¡§Cautions: ¡Kelderly; with oral preparations, test renal function initially and every 3 months for first year then every 6 months for next 4 years and annually thereafter (risk of serious renal toxicity) ¡K¡¨ [1]The SPC issued by Proctor and Gamble states:¡§Renal disorder: Mesalazine is excreted rapidly by the kidney, mainly as its metabolite, N-acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid. (Source: NLH Question Answering Service)
Novel neurotrophic factor cdnf protects and rescues midbrain dopamine neurons in vivo
Novel neurotrophic factor CDNF protects and rescues midbrain dopamine neurons in vivo Nature 448, 73 (2007). doi:10.1038/nature05957 Authors: P&#228;ivi Lindholm, Merja H. Voutilainen, Juha Laur&#233;n, Johan Per&#228;nen, Veli-Matti Lepp&#228;nen, Jaan-Olle Andressoo, Maria Lindahl, Sanna Janhunen, Nisse Kalkkinen, T&#245;nis Timmusk, Raimo K. Tuominen & Mart Saarma In Parkinson&#8217;s disease, brain dopamine neurons degenerate most prominently in the substantia nigra. Neurotrophic factors promote survival, differentiation and maintenance of neurons in developing and adult vertebrate nervous system. The most potent neurotrophic factor for dopamine neurons described so far is the glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). Here we have identified a conserved dopamine neurotrophic factor (CDNF) as a trophic factor for dopamine neurons. CDNF, together with its previously described vertebrate and invertebrate homologue the mesencephalic-astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor, is a secreted protein with eight conserved cysteine residues, predicting a unique protein fold and defining a new, evolutionarily conserved protein family. CDNF (Armetl1) is expressed in several tissues of mouse and human, including the mouse embryonic and postnatal brain. In vivo, CDNF prevented the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in a rat experimental model of Parkinson&#8217;s disease. A single injection of CDNF before 6-OHDA delivery into the striatum significantly reduced amphetamine-induced ipsilateral turning behaviour and almost completely rescued dopaminergic tyrosine-hydroxylase-positive cells in the substantia nigra. When administered four weeks after 6-OHDA, intrastriatal injection of CDNF was able to restore the dopaminergic function and prevent the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra. Thus, CDNF was at least as efficient as GDNF in both experimental settings. Our results suggest that CDNF might be beneficial for the treatment of Parkinson&#8217;s disease. (Source: Nature)
Physiology of sleep disordered breathing.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"/><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=17606019">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> <p><b>Physiology of sleep disordered breathing.</b></p> <p>Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2007 Aug;40(4):691-711</p> <p>Authors: Woodson BT, Franco R</p> <p>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) results from complex interactions between anatomy and physiology. A structurally small and abnormally collapsible upper airway predisposes to disease, and interacts with normal and pathologic physiologic mechanisms to determine severity of disease. Understanding the pathophysiology provides insight into airway collapse, and may improve treatment and lead to potential new medical and surgical treatments for OSA.</p> <p>PMID: 17606019 [PubMed - in process]</p> (Source: Otolaryngologic clinics of North America)
Preoperative and postoperative management of obstructive sleep apnea patients.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"/><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=17606028">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> <p><b>Preoperative and postoperative management of obstructive sleep apnea patients.</b></p> <p>Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2007 Aug;40(4):877-89</p> <p>Authors: Mickelson SA</p> <p>Safe perioperative management of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) requires special attention to preoperative and postoperative care. Patients with OSA are more likely to have comorbidities including hypertension, esophageal and laryngopharyngeal reflux disease, coronary artery disease, and obesity. Obesity may also contribute to deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary emboli. OSA increases the risk for anesthetic and postoperative complications. The recommendations for measures for preoperative and postoperative management of OSA presented in this article are based on a culmination of 20 years experience supported by the peer-reviewed medical literature.</p> <p>PMID: 17606028 [PubMed - in process]</p> (Source: Otolaryngologic clinics of North America)
Is is possible to quantify the risks of a patient having a discectomy with laminectomy l4 l5 ending up with arthritis affecting these vertebrae and how quickly is it likely to develope?
We interpreted this question to mean does having a discectomy and/or a laminectomy of the L4L5 vertebrae pose a risk for developing arthritis and if so what is the time frame. &nbsp; This answer does not cover the likelihood of developing arthritis as a result of any specific condition that may have led to having these surgeries in the first place (e. (Source: NLH Question Answering Service)
Nigeria: danger! rural farmers more exposed to avian influenza
Despite the compensation paid to poultry farmers by the Federal Government and efforts made by international and local organisations to check the outbreak of Avian Influenza, investigations still show that rural farmers are more exposed to the disease. Hilda Okoisor, who visited some rural farms, writes (Source: AllAfrica News: Health and Medicine)
Persistent long-term human herpesvirus 6 (hhv-6) infection in a patient with langerhans cell histiocytosis.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"/><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=17607379">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> <p><b>Persistent Long-Term Human Herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) Infection in a Patient with Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis.</b></p> <p>Pathol Oncol Res. 2007;13(2):157-60</p> <p>Authors: Csire M, Mikala G, Jákó J, Masszi T, Jánosi J, Dolgos J, Füle T, Tordai A, Berencsi G, Vályi-Nagy I</p> <p>Langerhans cell histiocytosis (eosinophilic granuloma) was first diagnosed in the adolescence of a male patient presented. Several years later persisting human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection was recognized. The HHV-6 infection could be verified retrospectively in his historical histological samples; the continuous presence of HHV-6 could be established through 17 years of disease course. The patient was operated several times during this period for painful relapses, and developed diabetes insipidus. At variable time points during the clinical course, Varicella zoster (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infections were temporarily detected from blood samples and biopsy specimens. HHV-6 was the only virus continuously identified throughout the entire follow-up period. Antiviral therapy effectively cleared EBV and HHV-8, but HHV-6 remained detectable throughout the disease course. Since DNA sequences of HHV-6 could be detected in the pathologic histiocytes of eosinophilic granuloma, and from other samples taken later on, it is suggested that long-term HHV-6 infection may be associated with development or progression of Langerhans cell histiocytosis.</p> <p>PMID: 17607379 [PubMed - in process]</p> (Source: Pathology Oncology Research)
Cdc defends tb patient's quarantine
Federal health officials stand by their quarantine of an Atlanta lawyer they believed had a dangerous form of tuberculosis, even though new tests show he has a less severe form of the disease. (Source: CTV Health)
Nigeria: strengthen fight against aids, fg told
The Federal Government has been enjoined to step up its fight against the scourge of HIV/Aids among Nigerians, in order to considerably check the effects of the disease in the country. (Source: AllAfrica News: HIV-Aids and STDs)
The pharmacokinetics and effects of a long-acting preparation of superoxide dismutase (pc-sod) in man
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. What is already known about this subject ? Reactive oxygen species (ROS), like superoxide anion, play an important role in different disease states. ? Superoxide dismutase (SOD) acts as a free radical scavenger by catalysing the dismutation of superoxide.... (Source: British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology)
Leptin, leptin soluble receptor and coronary atherosclerosis
European Journal of Clinical Investigation Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. Abstract Background  The adipose tissue-related hormone leptin plays an important role in the regulation of body weight. The associations of leptin and leptin soluble receptor (sOb-R) with coronary artery disease (CAD) are not clear. Design  We measured l... (Source: European Journal of Clinical Investigation)
In patients with chronic pain, is there any benefit in combining several different opioid analgesics of differing potencies?
We did not find any research evidence to support the use of opioid combinations in patients with chronic pain. &nbsp; We found one paper, published in 2005, which suggests that opioid combinations should not be used until clinical trials clarify the benefits and safety:"The use of combinations of potent opioids is a common clinical practice. (Source: NLH Question Answering Service)
Traveler's tb diagnosis downgraded
The Georgia, lawyer whose travels while suffering from tuberculosis drew international attention has a more treatable form of the disease than the extensively drug-resistant form previously diagnosed, doctors at a Denver, Colorado, hospital announced Tuesday. (Source: CNN.com - Health)
Why smart people do dumb things: psychologist explores 'blind spots' to critical thinking
Sometimes the discoveries that lead to Nobel Prize awards make people wonder in retrospect, "How did we miss that"" Nobel Prize winning medical researcher D. Carleton Gajdusek's discovery of the cause of the dread disease kuru was delayed years because initially he failed to see possibilities that in the end turned out to be correct. [click link for full article] (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Why smart people do dumb things: psychologist explores 'blind spots' to critical thinking
Sometimes the discoveries that lead to Nobel Prize awards make people wonder in retrospect, "How did we miss that"" Nobel Prize winning medical researcher D. Carleton Gajdusek's discovery of the cause of the dread disease kuru was delayed years because initially he failed to see possibilities that in the end turned out to be correct.Engineers couldn't see any use for the odd material a GE engineer had experimented with, a compound we know today as Silly Putty. [click link for full article] (Source: Psychology / Psychiatry News From Medical News Today)
Loss of sense of smell could predict alzheimer's, new study
A new US study suggests that losing one's sense of smell in old age could be a predictor of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) which is often a precursor of Alzheimer's disease.The study is published in July's issue of the Archives of General Psychiatry, one of the JAMA/Archives journals. [click link for full article] (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Loss of sense of smell could predict alzheimer's, new study
A new US study suggests that losing one's sense of smell in old age could be a predictor of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) which is often a precursor of Alzheimer's disease.The study is published in July's issue of the Archives of General Psychiatry, one of the JAMA/Archives journals. [click link for full article] (Source: Alzheimer's / Dementia News From Medical News Today)
Xdr-tb turnabout raises questions
DENVER -- In a surprising turn of events, the tuberculosis that turned Andrew Speaker into an international cause celebre was misdiagnosed, physicians said today. (Source: MedPage Today Infectious Disease)
Highly efficient neural differentiation of human somatic stem cells, isolated by minimally invasive periodontal surgery
Stem Cells and Development Jun 2007, Vol. 16, No. 3: 447-460. Neural stem cells (NSCs) are potential sources for cell therapy of neurodegenerative diseases and for drug screening. Despite their potential benefits, ethical and practical considerations limit the application of NSCs derived from human embryonic stem ce... (Source: Stem Cells and Development)
Comparison of the behavior of neural stem cells in the brain of normal and twitcher mice after neonatal transplantation
Stem Cells and Development Jun 2007, Vol. 16, No. 3: 429-438. The twitcher mouse is a model of human Krabbe's disease caused by a mutation in the galacto-cerebrosidase gene. As a result of deficient catabolism of myelin, death of oligodendrocytes and demyelination occur widely in the central and peripheral nervous s... (Source: Stem Cells and Development)
Concentrations of the acute phase reactants high sensitive c-reactive protein, ykl-40 and of interleukin-6 before and after treatment in patients with acromegaly and growth hormone deficiency.
Clinical Endocrinology Volume 0, Issue ja. Background: Acromegaly is accompanied by increased cardiovascular mortality and a cluster of pro-atherogenic risk factors. In the general population ischemic heart disease is associated with elevated levels of inflammatory markers. It has been reported th... (Source: Clinical Endocrinology)
The earliest mr imaging and proton mr spectroscopy abnormalities in adult-onset krabbe disease
Acta Neurologica Scandinavica Volume 0, Issue 0, Page ???-???. Wang C, Melberg A, Weis J, Månsson J-E, Raininko R. The earliest MR imaging and proton MR spectroscopy abnormalities in adult-onset Krabbe disease.Acta Neurol Scand: DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.2007.00867.x © 2007 The Authors Journal compilation © 2007 Blackwe... (Source: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica)
New device rapidly diagnoses gastrointestinal disease by 'reading' the odour of biological fluids
A pioneering new device that could help over four billion adults and children who suffer from infectious diarrhoea in the developing world and reduce outbreaks of diseases such as clostridium difficile (C.Diff) in UK hospital wards is the winner of this year's University of Bristol's New Enterprise Competition. (Source: News-Medical News Feed)
Cdc defends tb patient's quarantine
DENVER (AP) -- Federal health officials stand by their quarantine of an Atlanta lawyer they believed had a dangerous form of tuberculosis, even though new tests show he has a less severe form of the disease.... (Source: AP Top Health News)